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ASTM C698-16

Standard Test Methods for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric, and Spectrochemical Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Mixed Oxides ((U, Pu)O2)

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NORM herausgegeben am 1.6.2016

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Informationen über die Norm:

Bezeichnung normen: ASTM C698-16
Ausgabedatum normen: 1.6.2016
SKU: NS-642245
Zahl der Seiten: 27
Gewicht ca.: 81 g (0.18 Pfund)
Land: Amerikanische technische Norm
Kategorie: Technische Normen ASTM

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Fissile materials

Die Annotation des Normtextes ASTM C698-16 :

Keywords:

ICS Number Code 27.120.30 (Fissile materials and nuclear fuel technology)

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Significance and Use

4.1 Mixed oxide, a mixture of uranium and plutonium oxides, is used as a nuclear-reactor fuel in the form of pellets. The plutonium content may be up to 10 weight %, and the diluent uranium may be of any ²³⁵U enrichment. In order to be suitable for use as a nuclear fuel, the material must meet certain criteria for combined uranium and plutonium content, effective fissile content, and impurity content as described in Specification C833.

4.1.1 The material is assayed for uranium and plutonium to determine whether the plutonium content is as specified by the purchaser, and whether the material contains the minimum combined uranium and plutonium contents specified on a dry weight basis.

4.1.2 Determination of the isotopic content of the plutonium and uranium in the mixed oxide is made to establish whether the effective fissile content is in compliance with the purchaser's specifications.

4.1.3 Impurity content is determined to ensure that the maximum concentration limit of certain impurity elements is not exceeded. Determination of impurities is also required for calculation of the equivalent boron content (EBC) as described in Practice C1233.

4.2 Fitness for Purpose of Safeguards and Nuclear Safety Applications—Methods intended for use in safeguards and nuclear safety applications shall meet the requirements specified by Guide C1068 for use in such applications.

1. Scope

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical, mass spectrometric, and spectrochemical analysis of nuclear-grade mixed oxides, (U, Pu)O₂, powders and pellets to determine compliance with specifications.

1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:

Sections

Uranium in the Presence of Pu by Potentiometric Titration

Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry

Plutonium by Amperometric Titration with Iron (II)

Nitrogen by Distillation Spectrophotometry Using Nessler Reagent

8 to 15

Carbon (Total) by Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity

16 to 26

Total Chlorine and Fluorine by Pyrohydrolysis

27 to 34

Sulfur by Distillation-Spectrophotometry

35 to 43

Moisture by the Coulometric, Electrolytic Moisture Analyzer

44 to 51

Isotopic Composition by Mass Spectrometry

Rare Earths by Copper Spark Spectroscopy

52 to 59

Trace Impurities by Carrier Distillation Spectroscopy

60 to 68

Impurities by Spark-Source Mass Spectrography

69 to 75

Total Gas in Reactor-Grade Mixed Dioxide Pellets

Tungsten by Dithiol-Spectrophotometry

76 to 84

Rare Earth Elements by Spectroscopy

85 to 88

Plutonium-238 Isotopic Abundance by Alpha Spectrometry

Americium-241 in Plutonium by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry

Uranium and Plutonium Isotopic Analysis by Mass Spectrometry

89 to 97

Oxygen-to-Metal Atom Ratio by Gravimetry

98 to 105

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (For specific safety precaution statements, see Sections 6, 13.2.5, 41.7, and 93.6.1.)

2. Referenced Documents

D1193-06(2018)	Standard Specification for Reagent Water
D4327-17	Standard Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography
E60-11(2022)e1	Standard Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials by Spectrophotometry (Includes all amendments and changes 6/29/2022).
C1165-23	Standard Test Method for Determining Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry in H2SO4 at a Platinum Working Electrode
E115-97	Standard Practice for Photographic Processing in Optical Emission Spectrographic Analysis (Withdrawn 2002)
E116-97	Standard Practice for Photographic Photometry in Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2002)
E130-08	Standard Practice for Designation of Shapes and Sizes of Graphite Electrodes (Withdrawn 2013)
C697-16	Standard Test Methods for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric, and Spectrochemical Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Dioxide Powders and Pellets
C833-23	Standard Specification for Sintered (Uranium-Plutonium) Dioxide Pellets for Light Water Reactors
C852-09	Standard Guide for Design Criteria for Plutonium Gloveboxes
C859-24	Standard Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
C1068-21	Standard Guide for Qualification of Measurement Methods by a Laboratory Within the Nuclear Industry
C1268-23	Standard Test Method for Quantitative Determination of 241Am in Plutonium by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry
C1206-02	Standard Test Method for Plutonium by Iron (II)/Chromium (VI) Amperometric Titration
C1233-15(2021)	Standard Practice for Determining Equivalent Boron Contents of Nuclear Materials
C1415-18	Standard Test Method for 238Pu Isotopic Abundance By Alpha Spectrometry
C1432-23	Standard Test Method for Determination of Impurities in Plutonium: Acid Dissolution, Ion Exchange Matrix Separation, and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopic (ICP/AES) Analysis
C1625-19	Standard Test Method for Uranium and Plutonium Concentrations and Isotopic Abundances by Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry
C1637-21	Standard Test Method for Determination of Impurities in Plutonium Materials—Acid Digestion and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) Analysis
C1168-23	Standard Practice for Preparation and Dissolution of Plutonium Materials for Analysis
C1204-14(2023)	Standard Test Method for Uranium in Presence of Plutonium by Iron(II) Reduction in Phosphoric Acid Followed by Chromium(VI) Titration
C1108-23	Standard Test Method for Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry
C1672-23	Standard Test Method for Determination of the Uranium, Plutonium or Americium Isotopic Composition or Concentration by the Total Evaporation Method Using a Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometer
C1817-16	Standard Test Method for The Determination of the Oxygen to Metal (O/M) Ratio in Sintered Mixed Oxide ((U, Pu)O2) Pellets by Gravimetry

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